Calculation Of Aortic Valve Area

Firstly, calculate the maximum pressure gradient i.e △Pmax

△Pmax = 4 x (Vmax)2 = 4 x (4.4)2 = 77.4 mmHg

Next, with the available information, calculate the cross-sectional area of the LVOT (CSALVOT)

CSALVOT = 𝚷 x (LVOT diameter/2)2

             = 3.14 x (2.4/2)2

             = 4.5 cm2    

Finally, the aortic valve area is calculated using the continuity equation

CSAAV = (CSALVOT x LVOTvti) / AVvti

          = (4.5 x 16) / 70

          = 1.03 cm2  

This is just above 1 cm2, which amounts to moderate aortic stenosis. In aortic stenosis, patients have
ejection systolic murmurs, while in aortic regurgitation early diastolic murmurs are audible. 

Just to recap 

Mild AS = > 1.5 sq.cm
Moderate AS = 1.0 - 1.5 sq.cm
Severe AS = < 1.0 sq.cm


This patient has symptomatic aortic stenosis and may require valve replacement. Further assessment will of course be required for suitability.